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The leakage of aluminum alloy doors and windows in construction projects has plagued the door and window factory for many years, but there has been no good way to solve it at one time. Many experts have given a lot of reasons and solutions before. Next, we will analyze and discuss with you the different leaking parts of aluminum alloy casement doors and windows.

1. Water leakage at the corners of the outer frame

At present, there are two ways to connect the outer frame of aluminum alloys on the market: 45-degree group angle and 90-degree straight thread fastening. Among them, the 45-degree group angle is suitable for the structure of the profile with the cavity, and the 90-degree straight frame is suitable for the synchronization of the closed injured body and the non-belt.

Causes and solutions for water leakage at a 45-degree angle:

1. When cutting the material, the 45-degree cutting angle is incorrect or the cutting saw blade is severely worn and the dynamic balance is not good, resulting in gaps or concave gaps at the 45-degree angle, resulting in water leakage; treatment plan: improve the cutting of the equipment Accuracy, change the saw blade frequently;

2. When the corner is assembled, the matching gap between the corner code and the frame profile is too large, resulting in looseness or gaps at the 45-degree splicing after the corner is completed, resulting in water leakage; treatment plan: It is recommended to control the matching gap between the corner code and the profile cavity. Within 0.2mm, the stress point of the corner code at the point where the extruding knife fits, increase the support of the reinforcing rib;

3. When the angle is 45 degrees, the sealant is not applied on the 45-degree section, which causes water to flow directly into the cavity along the 45-degree section and penetrate into the wall; treatment plan: before the 45-degree section, apply the sealant to the 45-degree section. Glue, preferably a sealant with certain extensibility and elasticity;

4. No sealant is injected into the cavity of the corner after the corner is completed, resulting in insufficient overall strength and tightness of the corner, and water will infiltrate directly; treatment plan: after the corner is completed, the cavity at the corner is Before the body is injected into the seal, it is best to use a two-component polyurethane glue. Because this glue is two-component, it does not need to absorb moisture in the air during the drying process, and it will dry in a sealed environment. The glue is hard glue after drying, and the strength of the angle is improved by 3 to 5 times, and the sealing performance is extremely ideal;

5. There is no treatment in the cavity of the insulation part of the thermal insulation profile of the broken bridge, causing water to directly enter the corner from this section and seep out; treatment plan: design a connector dedicated to the cavity of the insulation strip, and use glue injection seal;

6. At the flanging of the large surface of the profile, (especially when the doors and windows are opened inwards) the connecting corner plug-in is not installed. Since there is no corner code here, there are dislocations or gaps, resulting in water leakage; treatment plan: Design a connection with a corresponding notch corner inserts, and inject glue at the corners;

Causes and solutions for water leakage at 90-degree angle groups:

1. When the horizontal and vertical frames are spliced, there is no soft double-sided tape on the splicing surface, resulting in gaps at the splicing, resulting in water leakage; treatment plan: add double-sided tape on the cross-section of the splicing place or design a glue-injectable Connecting parts, after the connection is completed, the glue is injected to seal the connection;

2. The design of the section structure is unreasonable, and the uneven distribution of the screw fastening points causes uneven force during fastening, resulting in gaps; treatment plan: change the section structure to make the force even when the screws are fastened;

3. The tightening screw is too short, resulting in insufficient force, and the frame is easily twisted and a gap appears; solution: replace the screw specification, and pay attention to the diameter of the screw used first and the matching tolerance of the screw fastening hole on the profile.

2. Water leakage at the lower mouth of the frame and fan

Two ways to open doors and windows are explained from the inside and the outside.

Cause analysis and treatment plan for the leakage of water at the lower opening of the frame and fan joint of the aluminum alloy door and window:

1. The overlap between the frame and the fan is insufficient or uneven. Ideally, the overlap between the frame and the fan is 6~8mm. If it is too small, and the thickness of the large-face flanging is not designed to be a variable-section structure, When there is wind pressure, there will be water leakage at the joint, such as uneven lap joint, the principle is the same. Solution: If it is a design problem, you need to adjust the design plan. If the overlap is uneven, use hardware to adjust up, down, left and right, and check whether there is any problem with the size calculation method of the blanking document;

2. The matching gap of the sealing strips at the overlap of the frame and the fan will affect the effect of the supporting strips. In normal design, the fitting clearance of the sealing strip at the overlap of the frame and the fan is 3.5mm~5.5mm. If it is too small, the installation channel of the hardware will have an impact, which will cause the entire fan to deviate to the outside, resulting in the actual effectiveness of the strip. The amount of deformation is not enough. When it is too large, the overall thickness of the rubber strip is relatively large, and the material of the rubber strip itself is relatively soft. When the thickness is large and the handle rotation torque when opening and closing must be considered, it will affect the sealing performance of the rubber strip. If there is a large impact, especially when there is wind pressure, it is more likely to leak water; treatment plan: if it is the reason for the design gap, redesign the size of the matching gap; Generally, the deformation amount of the rubber strip is recommended to be 1.5~2mm;

3. The hardness and material of the selected rubber strip, and whether there is shrinkage or exposed seam at the joint of the rubber strip, is also the cause of water leakage; treatment plan: determine the reasonable hardness of the rubber strip, and check the Do not cut the rubber strip at the corner of the end of the strip, or use a special rubber strip adhesive to connect it. At the same time, when installing the rubber strip, a length of 10~20m should be reserved to prevent the rubber strip from aging and shrinking;

4. The water penetrates down from the matching gap of the fastening screw, and then penetrates out from the corner of the group; treatment plan: when the screw is fastened, first use the horizontal pre-drilled hole, then inject sealant in the hole, and then Tighten the screws to ensure that the gap between the screw and the profile is sealed with glue;

5. The rationality of the fit between the hardware and the frame and the slot of the fan. If the fit between the hardware and the slot of the profile is unreasonable in the design, it will cause the change of the gap between the frame fan and the slot of the metal matching slot, which will affect the effectiveness of the rubber strip. The tightness of the product will cause water leakage; treatment plan: in the product design, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the cooperation of hardware and profiles, and eliminate hidden dangers in the design stage;

6. There is no isobaric chamber. When the wind pressure is high, water will enter from the outdoor side to the hardware installation of the frame and the fan. Because the wind pressure on the outdoor side is higher than that of the joint, the water cannot be discharged to the outdoor. When the water reaches a certain height, the It will enter the room and cause water leakage; solution: set up an isobaric cavity, including the frame fan joint and the opening fan;

7. The setting of the drainage groove and the design of the structure of the drainage hole cover. If there is no drainage groove, the water will not be able to be discharged out, but if there is a drainage groove without a reasonable drainage hole cover, not only will the water not be discharged, but also wind will blow in from the drainage groove, causing bubbles to appear; Scheme: Set up a drainage groove. The drainage groove can not only consider the slot on the outermost side, but must also consider the drainage of the aluminum rib in the middle of the profile. At the same time, the drainage hole cover is reasonably designed, and it is required that when the outdoor wind pressure is greater than the indoor, it can be automatically locked. Function.

Cause analysis and treatment plan for the leakage of the frame and fan joints of aluminum alloy inner-opening doors and windows Among them, there is a large duckbill rubber strip for sealing. The design of this rubber strip must fully consider the overlap between the rubber strip and the profile, as well as the compression deformation of the rubber strip. It is generally recommended that the rubber strip and the aluminum profile overlap. The amount of contact is 3.0~3.5mm, and the amount of deformation is 1.5~2.0mm.

3. Leakage water at the joint of the middle and straight ends

At present, there are two common connection methods for the middle-tower: 90-degree screw direct fastening connection and connection and installation with the middle-tower connector;

There are also two ways to deal with the waterproof leakage in the middle: one is blocking, the other is sparse, that is, drainage. We do some analysis on the seepage water from the idea of blocking:

Leakage water of 90 degree screw direct tightening connection method:

1. There are two ways to process the middle and straight ends: 90-degree flush blanking and profiling. No matter what kind of end processing method is used, the splicing joint of the middle and straight ends needs to be buffered and sealed with a soft material. Treatment, if it is not used, the sealing here is very poor. If there is water, it will flow directly through this gap and then emerge from the indoor side; treatment plan: Design a soft sealing film whose structure matches the section of the profile , plays the role of sealing and buffering when the middle is installed;

2. Whether the specifications and dimensions of the selected screws are reasonable. Small or short screws will result in insufficient connection strength, easy to loosen, easy to form gaps, and easy to infiltrate when there is water; treatment plan: choose reasonable materials, specifications and sizes of screws;

3. After the end milling of the medium and large face, the matching gap with the corresponding matching profile is processed. The gap here is generally 2~4mm. If it is not treated, it will directly become the water inlet. Especially when the outdoor negative wind pressure is used, the gap between the frame and the fan will be enlarged, and the water intake will increase, which will eventually directly cause indoor leakage. Water; treatment plan: Design a matching plastic part, and inject glue into the cavity on the opposite side of the plastic part to seal it.

Leakage water using the connection method of the middle-straight connector:

1. The fitting of the middle-stiletto connector and the middle-stiletto cavity is loose, resulting in the looseness between the middle-stance and the matched outer frame after the installation of the middle-stance, and there is a fitting gap, which causes water seepage; treatment plan: when designing the plan The fitting clearance of the two should be considered, and it is generally recommended that the fitting clearance be within 0.2mm;

2. Whether the position of the pin locking positioning hole is offset. If the position of the pin locking positioning hole is too small, it will cause the pin to not play a locking role after it is fastened, resulting in a loosening of the middle and eventually causing water leakage; treatment plan: When preparing the processing technology, the pin locking hole The position should be correct, and at the same time, die processing should be used to avoid manual processing with a pistol drill;

3. After the installation of the middle stand, no sealing treatment is carried out, causing water to leak from the fitting; treatment plan: after the installation is completed, inject an appropriate amount of sealant at the fitting, preferably a two-component polyurethane The corner glue not only ensures the sealing, but also increases the connection strength;

4. After the end milling of the medium and large face, the matching gap with the corresponding matching profile is processed. The gap here is generally 2~4mm. If it is not treated, it will directly become the water inlet. Especially when the outdoor negative wind pressure is used, the gap between the frame and the fan will be enlarged, and the water intake will increase, which will eventually directly cause indoor leakage. Water; treatment plan: Design a matching plastic part, and inject glue into the cavity on the opposite side of the plastic part to seal it.

4. Water leakage at the joint between the aluminum alloy frame and the wall

1. The installation gap between the aluminum alloy frame and the hole is too small or too large. The filling material cannot be filled in place when it is too small, and the filling material cannot be filled when it is too large, which will cause water leakage; treatment plan: first measure the size of the hole by nuclear testing The reserved gaps around the four sides should be fully considered during installation. For rear installation, it is generally recommended to reserve a matching gap of 7~10m on one side. There is a situation where one side is large and the other is small;

2. Selection of filling material. At present, the filling materials used between the aluminum alloy frame and the hole are mainly waterproof mortar and polyurethane foaming agent. The selection of foaming agent (such as the density after expansion, expansion time, waterproof performance, etc. does not meet the standards) will also cause water leakage; treatment plan: choose appropriate waterproof mortar and foaming agent;

3. Whether the temporary positioning and load-bearing pads are removed and filled with filling materials after the doors and windows are installed. The spacer used for on-site installation of doors and windows is for temporary use. After the installation of the window is completed and the filling material is used, the spacer should be removed and the filling material should be filled in the removed part, otherwise water leakage will occur; treatment plan : Remove the temporary positioning block and fill with filling material;

4. The sealing treatment of the outdoor aluminum alloy frame and the wall. The sealing material on the outdoor side is generally made of silicone sealant. The choice of sealant and the thickness of the glue will directly affect the water tightness. The poor glue is not compatible and adhesive, and at the same time the glue dries. It is easy to crack afterward. If the glue is applied thinly, it will also crack, which will cause water leakage. Treatment plan: choose a suitable sealant, and at the same time, it is recommended that the thickness of the glue in the middle of the glue is not less than 6mm;

5. When installing the iron feet, it is not recommended to use fastening screws at the lower part of the doors and windows to realize the connection between the iron feet and the aluminum alloy frame. If screws are used in the lower part, there will be a hidden danger of water leakage at the cooperation between the screws and the aluminum frame; Solution: use snap-on iron feet;

6. Water leakage caused by non-door and window reasons. Since the general contractor or other external wall construction units did not properly handle the waterproofing during construction, there was a lot of leakage and water leakage, which will not be discussed here.

A good aluminum alloy door and window product consists of at least three parts: complete design scheme, perfect production process and production equipment and qualified employees, reasonable on-site installation process and qualified installers. As long as one of these three parts is not in place, it will cause many quality problems.